-- This SQL pertains to the following DBA.StackExchange answer:
-- http://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/122612/how-to-find-values-with-multiple-consecutive-upper-case-characters/122625#122625

SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @SampleData TABLE (Name NVARCHAR(100) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NOT NULL);
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'mr john smith'); -- no match #1
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr John Smith'); -- no match #2
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr JOHN Smith');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'MR John Smith');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr John SMITH');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr JOhn Smith');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr ÜLala Jones');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr üLala Jones'); -- no match #3
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr U' + NCHAR(0x0308) + N'Lala Jonez');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr U' + NCHAR(0x0308) + NCHAR(0x0309) + NCHAR(0x0308) + N'Lala Jonezzz');
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr ＵLala Jonah'); -- FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U ( http://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=FF35 )
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr ÖLala Jonah'); -- U+00D6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr ѮLala Jonah'); -- U+046E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KSI
INSERT INTO @SampleData (Name) VALUES (N'Mr ⓊLala Jonah'); -- U+24CA CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U  (noteable exception since Unicode category is Other_Symbol instead of Uppercase_Letter) ( http://unicode.org/cldr/utility/character.jsp?a=24CA )


-- Case-Sensitive collation pulls back everything when using range syntax: [A-Z]
SELECT Name AS [Case-Sensitive_Range]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE Name COLLATE Latin1_General_100_CS_AS LIKE N'%[A-Z][A-Z]%';

-- Binary collation filters too much:
--   Ü isn't in A-Z
--   U + NCHAR(0x0308) puts NCHAR(0x0308) between the "U" and any upper-case letter that follows.
SELECT Name AS [Binary_Range]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE Name COLLATE Latin1_General_100_BIN2 LIKE N'%[A-Z][A-Z]%';

-- Case-Sensitive collation pulls back just the upper-case when specifying each letter,
-- but can't see variations with accents or letters not in the US-English alphabet.
-- However, it does find the wide character "Ｕ" that a Binary collation would exclude.
SELECT Name AS [Case-Sensitive_Individual]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE Name COLLATE Latin1_General_100_CS_AS LIKE N'%[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ][ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ]%';

-- Case-Sensitive collation with additional non-US-English letters pulls back more than before:
-- it finds the decomposed character "U + NCHAR(0x0308)" that a Binary collation would exclude.
-- However, it is not always intuitively obvious since similar looking characters that are different
-- are treated as being different: the "Ӧ" in the LIKE is U+04E6 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS
-- whereas the "Ö" in the test name is U+00D6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS.
-- It also does not find U + NCHAR(0x0308) + NCHAR(0x0309) + NCHAR(0x0308) since that doesn't match any
-- precomposed (or composite) character that can be added to the LIKE definition.
SELECT Name AS [Case-Sensitive_Individual_AdditionalLetters]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE Name COLLATE Latin1_General_100_CS_AS LIKE N'%[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZÜӦ][ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZÜӦ]%';

-- Case-Sensitive but Accent-INsensitive collation, even without the additional letters, pulls
-- back even more, including both "CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS" and
-- "LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS", and now also U + NCHAR(0x0308) + NCHAR(0x0309) + NCHAR(0x0308),
-- since only the base letter matters now that accent marks are being ignored.
-- However, it cannot find the "Ѯ", which is U+046E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KSI, since it
-- is not in the LIKE definition.
SELECT Name AS [Case-Sensitive_Accent-INsensitive_Individual_NoAdditionalLetters]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE Name COLLATE Latin1_General_100_CS_AI LIKE N'%[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ][ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ]%'; -- U+04E6 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS



--==================================================================================
--
-- The following two examples make use of a SQLCLR Scalar Function available in the
-- Free version of SQL# ( http://www.SQLsharp.com )
--
--=====================================================

-- Regular Expressions to the rescue:
SELECT Name AS [RegEx_AllButCircledLetters]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE SQL#.RegEx_IsMatch4k(Name, N'(?:\p{Lu}\p{M}*){2}', 1, '') = 1


-- There are some that are not matched by \p{Lu}, such as: Ⓐ - Ⓩ  (U+24B6 - U+24CF).
-- Not a problem, we will just add in an "or" condition (i.e. "|") and specify that range.
-- Diacritical marks cannot be added to the "circled letters" so the "or" is between the
-- range and the "upper-case plus zero-or-more diacritical marks".
SELECT Name AS [OneRegExToMatchThemAll]
FROM @SampleData
WHERE SQL#.RegEx_IsMatch4k(Name, N'(?:[\u24B6-\u24CF]|\p{Lu}\p{M}*){2}', 1, '') = 1