final Stream lengths = Arrays.stream(args).map(new Function<String, Integer>() {
  @Override
  public Integer apply(final String t) {
        return check(t);
  };
});	

results in:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass.check(SomeClass.java:14)
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass$1.apply(SomeClass.java:33)
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass$1.apply(SomeClass.java:1)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
	at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:948)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
	at java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:151)
	at java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:174)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:418)
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass.main(SomeClass.java:37)

------------------------------------------------------------

Stream lengths = Arrays.stream(args).map(name -> check(name));

results in:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass.check(SomeClass.java:14)
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass.lambda$0(SomeClass.java:29)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
	at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:948)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
	at java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:151)
	at java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:174)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:418)
	at ch.fhnw.claudemartin.SomeClass.main(SomeClass.java:38)